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IMAX |
Wide-screen motion picture system, 70mm film, horizontal run, 15 perf frame, 70x46mm. |
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IMBIBITION |
A mechanical printing method where an image is formed from dye transferred from on film to another, e.g. Dye Transfer, Technicolor etc |
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IN RACK |
Term for 35mm film meaning that every frame of a reel is exactly 4 perforations from the next |
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INCOMING SCENE |
The second scene in a dissolve |
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INFRA-RED |
Wavelengths of light just longer than the visible spectrum, subjectively discerned as heat |
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INTEGRAL TRIPACK |
A tripack [syn] |
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INTER-DUPE |
A duplicate colour negative derived from an inter-positive, local term, probably Technicolor |
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INTERCUTTING |
Editing the same or similar scene into several different positions in a story or sequence |
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INTER-LABORATORY SURVEY |
A regular Kodak survey of world motion picture laboratory processing quality and consistency |
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INTERMEDIATE |
General term for colour film master positives and negatives on an integrally masked film. |
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INTERMITTENT |
Film movement when each frame is held stationary and moved on frame by frame |
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INTERNEGATIVE |
A duplicate colour negative film, especially one prepared from a reversal camera original or a print. |
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INTERPOSITIVE |
A term for any positive element used as an intermediate stage, ie not the final print |
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INTERTITLE |
Titles or caption frames cut between scenes in silent movies |
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IPS |
Inches per second |
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IRIS |
A device used to vary the opening of a lens diaphragm |
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IRIS WIPE |
A wipe effect in the form of an increasing or diminishing circle, ie iris in, or iris out. |
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A facility to move a film or video one frame at a time, or by small increments |
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JOIN |
A splice or edit between two pieces of film or tape |
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JUMBO ROLL |
The widest roll of coated film or tape before slitting and perforating |
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JUMP CUT |
A sharp edit, or a removal or omission of a section of scene, resulting in a jump in the action |
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Kelvin |
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KELVIN |
The unit of colour temperature of a light source |
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KEY NUMBERS |
Edge numbers, footage numbers [syn] |
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KEYSTONE DISTORTION |
Image distortion on projection when the projector axis is not at 90 degrees to the screen |
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KINESCOPE |
A television image recorded on film [USA - see telerecording] |
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KODATRACE |
Kodak trade name for a translucent diffusion material |
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To thread up a projector, printer, tape recorder or any equipment with film or tape |
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A coating material to protect film or hide scratches, a varnish or other material. |
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LAD |
Laboratory Aim Density, a density value used to control the production of intermediate film materials |
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LAKE |
An insoluble metal/organic pigment formed by precipitation from solution |
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LAMBERT |
L, a unit of surface brightness |
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LAP DISSOLVE |
Overlapping Dissolve, where two film images overlap as one fades in and the other fades out |
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LATENSIFICATION [1] |
Flashing [syn] US |
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LATENSIFICATION [2] |
The intensification of an under-exposed latent image by controlled fogging before development |
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LATENT IMAGE |
The undeveloped invisible image on photographic film prior to development |
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The 1930's Kodak film stock for making duplicate black and white negatives, had a pale blue base |
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LEADER |
The length of film prior to the story, giving identification, protection and other information |
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LENS |
Optical device for generating an image in a camera, printer or projector |
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LENS APERTURE |
The opening of a lens, expressed as f number, or T number, see both |
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LENTICULAR |
A corrugated or patterned surface of some early colour films, |
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LEVEL SYNC |
The situation when the picture and sound film records are in alignment and not offset as for projection or printing |
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LIGHT BOX |
An illuminated panel for viewing film or control strips |
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A variable shutter mechanism for a printer |
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LINE FILM |
Old term for orthochromatic film processed to a high contrast for titles or intertitles |
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LINEAR |
Straight line, ie directly proportional, relationship, between input and output |
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LINING UP |
Setting up any apparatus before use, especially a camera |
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LIP SYNC |
Exact correspondence between picture and sound recording, also refers to simultaneous recording technique |
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Where negative film, or both films, are immersed or coated with a liquid in a printer gate to minimise scratches |
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LITH FILM |
Very high contrast sheet film used for titles, given a special development to achieve high densities |
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LIVE ACTION |
Shots or real action rather than animation |
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LONG FOCUS LENS |
Lens with a focal length longer than normal for the format |
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LONG SHOT |
LS, scene showing a general view, from a distance |
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LOOP |
Film joined to make a circle or continuous band, for testing purposes, or printing multiple copies |
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LOUDSPEAKER |
Transducer converting electrical signals to sound |
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LOW BAND |
A video tape recording system not reaching TV broadcast standards |
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LOW KEY |
Scenes in which most subject tones are dark |
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LOW-PASS FILTER |
Device to attenuate, minimise, high frequency sound |
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LUMEN |
Measure of light as luminous flux |
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LUMINANCE |
Brightness of a surface, often refers to a video signal determining brightness of the image |
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LUX |
Unit of illumination, equal to one lumen per sq m |
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Masters and Dupes, ie all the elements of a feature film |
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M AND E |
Music and Effects, ie a sound track without the speech or commentary |
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M AND T / MUTE AND TRACK |
Often marked on cans, means both original negative [mute] and optical track negative are present |
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MAG / MAG TRACK |
A magnetic track, often refers to a sprocketed magnetic film element |
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MAGAZINE |
Light proof container for film |
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MAGENTA |
Subtractive primary colour |
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MAGOPT |
A motion picture film print with both optical and magnetic sound tracks on the one film |
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MAIN TITLE |
The front [usually] section of a film with titles and credits |
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MAKE-UP |
Assembly of the various elements of a film for printing [Technicolor?] |
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MALTESE CROSS |
Mechanism for providing intermittent movement in a camera or projector |
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MARRIED PRINT |
A film print with picture and sound correctly synchronised |
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MARRYING-UP |
Assembly and preparation of film elements for printing to make a married print |
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MASK [1] |
A film element whose image is used to modify the image on another film element when combined in register |
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MASK [2] |
A frame to restrict the dimensions of an aperture in a camera [the outer mask] or printer or projector |
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MASK [INNER] |
A mask [2] used to create vignettes or shaped images located behind the camera [or printer] lens |
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MASKING [COLOUR] |
Using a mask [1] to modify colour saturation or hue of a film image |
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MASKING [CONTRAST] |
Using a mask [1] to alter the contrast of a film |
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An image of unused coloured couplers, within the dye layers of a colour film to correct unwanted dye absorptions |
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MASKING [PRINTING] |
A general term for using a mask [1] to combine with a negative to make a print |
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MASKING [PROJECTION] |
A black border to a screen that limits the area of the projected image |
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MASTER [1] |
A term used for a camera reversal colour film used for printing and never itself projected |
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MASTER [2] |
A general term for a film element used as the start of a special sequence of printing |
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MATCH DISSOLVE |
A dissolve where the object is constant but the background changes |
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MATRIX |
Film with images [often in relief] in gelatin used in the dye transfer imbibition print processes, e.g. Technicolor |
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MATT |
A surface with a diffuse [non specular] reflection |
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MATTE |
An opaque mask produced in order to restrict the image area for a special effect |
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MATTE BOX |
A lens shade to hold filters or obscure a part of the image area |
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MICROFILM |
Photographic record on 35 or 16mm film of text for storage purposes |
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MICRON |
0.001mm or 10-6m |
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MIRED |
MIcro REciprocal Degree, 1M/K[colour temperature. A unit of colour temperature filter control |
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MIX /MIXING |
Loose term for combine, applied to sound, picture or a combination of both, or a dissolve [syn] |
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MLS |
Medium Lens Shot |
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mm |
Millimetre |
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MODULATION |
Amplitude variation, for example on an optical sound track |
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MODULATION TRANSFER FUNCTION |
Also called MTF, measure of performance of a lens or contact print system to reproduce audio effects |
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MOIRÉ |
Visual interference patterns formed by combinations of rasters, mosaics, or half tones |
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MONOCHROMATIC LIGHT |
Light of only one wavelength [or nearly only one] eg sodium vapour |
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MONOCHROME |
One colour reproduction, eg black and white |
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MORDANT DYE TONING |
Old method of replacing silver images with basic dyes mordanted with silver salts |
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MOSAIC |
A pattern of red, green, and blue filters on film to create an additive colour system |
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MOTOR CUE |
Cue dot [syn] |
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MOVIOLA |
A film editing machine. Trade name, widely used for all editors |
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MULTI-ROLL PRINTING |
"A and B" roll printing with many rolls, A, B, C, D, etc |
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MULTI-TRACK |
Magnetic recorder/recording having four or more parallel tracks on 35mm / 4,8,16,24 tracks. |
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MULTIPLEXER |
Device to enable images from several sources to be transferred to film or video |
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MUSIC-TRACK |
Audio track of music only |
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MUTE |
Describes a length of negative film without its associated sound track |
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3M Trade name for their polyester film base |