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SAFE AREA |
The area of a format shown on a 1.33:1 AR TV screen |
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A light source with a filter to protect a film from fogging but allow the operator to see |
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SAFETY BASE |
Any non cellulose nitrate film base that is not so inflammable |
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SAMPLE PRINT |
A print made as a sample of a bulk production of release prints |
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SANDWICHING |
Two image films in register with a print raw stock in a contact printer |
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SATURATION |
The spectral purity of a colour, the degree of other wavelengths present |
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SCAVENGER |
A processing solution for removing damaging chemicals from a film emulsion |
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SCENE |
A single subject filmed by a single film shot |
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Abrasion of film, either of the base material or the gelatin emulsion |
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SCREEN |
Stretched material as the image display vehicle for a film projector |
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SCRIPT |
Written scene by scene statement of a film story |
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SCROLLING |
Adding a new line at the bottom of rolling titles |
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SECOND NEGATIVE |
A negative take that is not rush printed |
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SECTION PRINT |
A print of a part of a roll of film |
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SENSITOMETER |
Device for exposing a film control strip to precise exposures |
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SENSITOMETRY |
Study of the effect of light on film, the relationship between exposure and density |
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SEPARATION |
Process of using a tricolour filter to make a separation record |
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SEPARATIONS |
A photographic record of red, green or blue components of a scene |
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SEPMAG |
Magnetic sound record, separate from the picture film, displayed by double headed projection |
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SEPOPT |
Separate Optical, a term for separate optical sound track and negative or print. An archaic term |
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SEQUENTIAL FRAME |
Three colour separations on one film, in sequence red, green, blue. |
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SET |
An artificial scene constructed in a studio or stage |
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SHOOT |
Colloquial term for operating a camera |
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SHORT END |
A piece of film left at the end of a roll, often removed before processing to use for shot scenes |
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SHOT |
A single operation of a camera |
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SHOW PRINT / SHOW COPY |
A selected carefully produced print, a corrected answer print |
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Reduction of dimensions of a film by loss of plasticizer or internal water |
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SHUTTER |
Device for producing a short exposure on a film |
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SHUTTLE |
Play a film or video forward and back [in an editor for example] to search |
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SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO |
The relationship between unwanted noise and required signal [in video]. Noise appears like grain |
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SILVER |
Metallic silver is the opaque material developed during processing monochrome film |
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SINGLE FRAME |
Expose or project one frame at a time, ie slowly |
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SINGLE SHOT |
Single frame [syn] |
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SINGLE SYSTEM |
Recording film and sound on one single film, the old optical system or more recent magnetic system |
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SKIP FRAME |
Optical effect in which frames are omitted regularly in order to speed up the action |
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SKIVINGS |
Fine slivers of film created by the slitting process, in manufacture or after processing |
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SLASH DUPE |
Black and white [usually] dupe neg made as a rough record without much care |
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SLATE |
A board, usually black, marked with scene and shot details and filmed before a shot |
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SLIDE |
A transparent still film image used for projection |
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SLIT / SLITTING |
Cutting film during manufacture or after processing to produce the final film width |
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SLO-MO |
Colloquial for Slow motion |
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SLOPE |
Steepness of a curve or graph, eg gamma, calculated as Tan angle, or gradient of a straight line |
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SLOW MOTION |
Operating a camera faster than normal, to slow down motion, not as fast as high speed photography |
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SMPE |
Society of Motion Picture Engineers, original name, USA |
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SMPTE |
Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, USA |
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SNOW |
Random noise interference on a TV screen, sometimes severe sparkle on film |
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SOFT EDGE |
A diffuse edge to detail or to a matte or wipe edge, intentional or not |
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SOFT FOCUS |
Slightly out of focus, refers to a print or a projected image |
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SOLARISATION |
A positive image in which the highlight densities are reversal in response, result of overexposure, some toning effects or accident |
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SOUND GATE |
The position at which a negative optical track is exposed onto the print stock on a printer |
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SOUND HEAD |
On a reproducer or projector the transducer reading the optical or magnetic sound track |
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SOUND NEGATIVE |
A positive optical film sound track image, ie a sound track on a print |
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SOUND POSITIVE |
A negative optical film sound track image, ie a sound track on a negative film |
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SOUND TRACK |
A general term for any optical or magnetic film or tape record of sound |
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SOUND-ON-FILM |
General term for a combined image and sound on a film, usually a print |
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SPARKLE |
Images of dust on the negative [usually] on a print film. |
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SPECIAL EFFECTS |
General term for an illusion or distortion of time or reality, in film or video |
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SPECTRUM |
The full range of visible wavelengths of light |
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SPEECH TRACK |
Any sound track with voice only, ie no music or effects, any element |
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SPEED [General] |
General term for the frame per sec, or ft per sec rate of cameras, printers and projectors |
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Photographic speed is a numerical [usually a national standard] value for the sensitivity to light of a film |
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SPLICE |
Any join in a length of cinematographic film |
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SPLIT SCREEN |
Optical effect of two or more separate image within a single frame |
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SPOKING |
Distortion in a roll of film so that the roll appears angular, not round, usually repaired by rewinding |
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SPOOL |
Flanged film roll holder for projection |
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SPOOL, TO |
To wind up onto a reel, core or spool |
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SPROCKET |
A tooth or a toothed drum or wheel used to drive or transport a sprocketed film |
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SPROCKET HOLES |
The perforations in film by sprockets to transport film |
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SQUEEGEE |
Flexible wiper blade for wiping away liquid |
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SQUEEZED |
Loose term for an image with anamorphic compression |
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ST |
Sound Track - acronym |
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STAR FILTER |
Filters that produces star pattern effects on images of light sources |
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STARBURST |
An effect of a rotating star increasing in size inserted as a short transition between scenes |
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STATIC |
High electrostatic voltages, the result of friction, that fog or expose unprocessed film |
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STATIC MARKS/TREES |
Images, often treelike or spidery, caused by static electricity |
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Film printing frame by frame. Not continuously |
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STEREO |
Colloquial for stereophonic or stereoscopic |
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STEREOPHONIC |
Of sound reproduction involving at least two channels giving the impression of reality and spatial distribution |
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STEREOSCOPIC |
The appearance of a three dimensional image, usually two images related by vision to specific eye |
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STILL FRAME |
A series of single frames separated from a moving record |
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STOCK |
A general term for any cinematographic film [often unexposed] |
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STOCK NUMBERS |
Term for edge data, usually codes for the type of film, also the edge /footage numbers |
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STOCK SHOT |
A library shot commonly used and reused |
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STOP FRAME |
Freeze frame [syn] |
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STOP MOTION |
The procedure of operating a camera manually one frame at a time |
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STORY BOARD |
A series of still pictures or cartoons representing each scene of a film or video |
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STRETCH FRAME [PRINTING] |
Optical effect in which frames are repeated regularly in order to slow the action down |
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STRIP [1] |
Part of a wide roll of manufactured film slit into a single film length |
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STRIP [2] |
Any short length of film particularly for process control purposes |
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STRIPE |
A narrow magnetic sound recording band on cinematographic film |
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STRIPING |
The process of applying a magnetic sound stripe to film |
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SUBSTRATE |
Alternative term for subbing layer, also a term for any film base material |
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SUBTITLE |
A title at the bottom of a motion picture frame usually to convert the sound track language of for the deaf |
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SUPERIMPOSE |
Two or more images on a single frame, by multiple exposure on film |
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SURROUND-SOUND |
A general term for 360 degree sound, quadraphonic or better |
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SWEETENING |
A general term for improving sound quality and matching it precisely to a film image |
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SYNC |
Synchronisation |
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SYNC MARK |
A mark, usually X, on one film frame to indicate synchronicity with a sound track "blip" |
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SYNC PULSE |
A short sound on an optical or magnetic track to be synchronised with a sync mark on a film |
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SYNCHRONISATION |
The process of aligning any separate sound track with a picture image |
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SYNCHRONISER |
Device for running two or more film and/or sound track films at once and achieving synchronisation |
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SYNCHRONISING |
The operation of correctly aligning the picture and sound records |
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SYNTHESIS |
The process of reproducing a colour image from the analysis records [usually to R, G and B light] |